What are the criteria for diagnosing Euglycaemic Ketoacidosis and what are some precipitating factors?
EKA is diagnosed by the presence of ketonemia (> 3 mmol/l), High-anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA), and euglycemia (Blood glucose level < 13.9 mmol/L) [1].
HAGMA is characterized by arterial pH <7.3, HCO3 less than 18 mmol/L, and a raised anion gap.
Some precipitating factors for development of EKA include:
Infection, surgery, fasting, SGLT-2 inhibitors and GIP/GLP-1 agonists [2,3], alcohol intake, acute vascular events, and trauma [4].
